{"id":1004,"date":"2022-11-28T14:48:52","date_gmt":"2022-11-28T14:48:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/?p=1004"},"modified":"2026-02-28T20:24:22","modified_gmt":"2026-02-28T20:24:22","slug":"third-ecumenical-council-of-ephesus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/third-ecumenical-council-of-ephesus.html","title":{"rendered":"Third Ecumenical Council of Ephesus"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Third-Ecumenical-Council-of-Ephesus.webp\" alt=\"Third Ecumenical Council of Ephesus\" class=\"wp-image-3432\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Third-Ecumenical-Council-of-Ephesus.webp 850w, https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Third-Ecumenical-Council-of-Ephesus-300x159.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Third-Ecumenical-Council-of-Ephesus-768x407.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The Third Ecumenical Council met in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/history-of-the-church-of-ephesus.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Church of the Virgin Mary<\/a> in <strong>431<\/strong>. The principles of Christianity were established during this meeting. Since the Virgin Mary possessed many of the <strong>virtues of Artemis<\/strong>, the most magnificent goddess, the new religion gained popularity in Ephesus and spread quickly. Ephesus became important to Christians since <strong>St. Paul<\/strong>, <strong>St. John<\/strong>, and the <strong>Virgin Mary<\/strong> all lived here. The <strong>first church<\/strong> dedicated to her was built in Ephesus (see <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/history-of-the-church-of-ephesus.html\">Mary Council Church<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-yoast-seo-table-of-contents yoast-table-of-contents\"><h2>Table of contents<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"#h-the-virgin-mary-was-buried-in-ephesus\" data-level=\"2\">The Virgin Mary was Buried in Ephesus<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-the-basilica-of-st-john-in-ephesus\" data-level=\"2\">The Basilica of St. John in Ephesus<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-from-ephesus-to-hagios-theologos\" data-level=\"2\">From Ephesus to Hagios Theologos<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-frequently-asked-questions\" data-level=\"2\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/council-of-ephesus.webp\" alt=\"Council of Ephesus, held in 431 under Pope Celestine I and the reign of Theodosius the Younger, fresco Painting, 16th century.\" class=\"wp-image-1005\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/council-of-ephesus.webp 850w, https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/council-of-ephesus-300x152.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/council-of-ephesus-768x390.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Council of Ephesus held in 431 under Pope Celestine I and the reign of Theodosius the Younger, fresco Painting, 16th century.<br><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Members of the council discussed the <strong>thesis <\/strong>that the Virgin Mary is <strong>not <\/strong>the mother of Jesus, the son of God, but the mother of Jesus, a mortal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"684\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/house-of-the-virgin-mary.webp\" alt=\"Sunday Ritual in The House of The Virgin Mary\" class=\"wp-image-856\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/house-of-the-virgin-mary.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/house-of-the-virgin-mary-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/house-of-the-virgin-mary-768x513.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Sunday Ritual in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/history-of-the-house-of-virgin-mary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The House of The Virgin Mary in Ephesus<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"background-color: #fff3e0; border-left: 5px solid #ef6c00; padding: 25px; border-radius: 8px; margin: 30px 0; box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n    <h3 style=\"margin-top: 0; color: #e65100; font-size: 1.3rem;\">\u26a0\ufe0f Common Confusion: House vs. Church<\/h3>\n    <p style=\"color: #444; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.6;\">\n        Many visitors confuse these two distinct locations. Please note that they are <strong>completely different sites<\/strong> located 7 km apart:\n    <\/p>\n    \n    <div style=\"display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 15px; margin-top: 15px;\">\n        \n        <div style=\"background: #fff; padding: 15px; border-radius: 6px; border: 1px solid #ffe0b2;\">\n            <strong style=\"color: #e65100; display: block; margin-bottom: 5px;\">1. The House of the Virgin Mary<\/strong>\n            <p style=\"margin: 0; font-size: 14px; color: #555;\">\n                Located on the top of <strong>Bulbul Mountain<\/strong> (outside the ancient city). It is a small shrine believed to be her final home. <em>(Requires a separate admission fee).<\/em>\n            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div style=\"background: #fff; padding: 15px; border-radius: 6px; border: 1px solid #ffe0b2;\">\n            <strong style=\"color: #e65100; display: block; margin-bottom: 5px;\">2. The Church of Mary (The Council Church)<\/strong>\n            <p style=\"margin: 0; font-size: 14px; color: #555;\">\n                Located <strong>inside the Ephesus Ancient City<\/strong> (near the harbor). It is the massive cathedral ruin where the 3rd Ecumenical Council actually took place in 431 AD. <em>(Included in your Ephesus ticket).<\/em>\n            <\/p>\n        <\/div>\n\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"background-color: #e0f2f1; border-left: 5px solid #009688; padding: 25px; border-radius: 8px; margin: 30px 0; box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n    <h3 style=\"margin-top: 0; color: #00695c; font-size: 1.3rem; display: flex; align-items: center;\">\n        <span style=\"font-size: 1.5rem; margin-right: 10px;\">\ud83e\udd2b<\/span> Insider Tip: The &#8220;Hidden&#8221; Council Church\n    <\/h3>\n    <p style=\"color: #444; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.6;\">\n        <strong>Here is a secret most tourists (and even some guides) miss:<\/strong> Although the Church of Mary is located <em>inside<\/em> the Ephesus Ancient City, it is hidden from the main tour route. Because it requires a slight detour, many standard group tours skip it to save time, and visitors unknowingly exit the city without seeing this historic spot.\n    <\/p>\n    <div style=\"background-color: #fff; padding: 15px; border-radius: 6px; border: 1px solid #b2dfdb; margin-top: 15px;\">\n        <strong style=\"color: #00796b; display: block; margin-bottom: 8px;\">\ud83d\udccd How to Find It (Don&#8217;t Miss It!)<\/strong>\n        <p style=\"margin: 0; color: #555; font-size: 14px;\">\n            As you walk towards the <strong>Lower Gate (Exit)<\/strong> at the end of your tour, look for the ancient <strong>Milestones and Sarcophagi (Graves)<\/strong>. Immediately to your <strong>LEFT<\/strong>, you will see a dirt path leading downwards among the trees.\n        <\/p>\n        <ul style=\"margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 0; padding-left: 20px; color: #555; font-size: 14px;\">\n            <li>It is only a <strong>5-minute walk<\/strong> from the main path.<\/li>\n            <li>Entrance is <strong>Free<\/strong> (Included in your Ephesus ticket).<\/li>\n        <\/ul>\n    <\/div>\n    <p style=\"margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 0; color: #004d40; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600;\">\n        \ud83d\udca1 On our private tours, we never rush history. I make sure to show this significant spot to all my guests who are interested in Biblical history.\n    <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-virgin-mary-was-buried-in-ephesus\">The Virgin Mary was Buried in Ephesus<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"background-color: #f3e5f5; border-left: 5px solid #9c27b0; padding: 25px; border-radius: 8px; margin: 30px 0; box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);\">\n    <h3 style=\"margin-top: 0; color: #7b1fa2; font-size: 1.3rem;\">\ud83d\udd25 A Clash of Titans: Theotokos vs. Christotokos<\/h3>\n    <p style=\"color: #444; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.6;\">\n        Why does this Council matter so much? Picture a heated debate that would shape the future of Christianity. It was a clash between two powerful figures: <strong>Nestorius<\/strong> (Patriarch of Constantinople) and <strong>Cyril<\/strong> (Patriarch of Alexandria).\n    <\/p>\n    <ul style=\"margin-top: 15px; list-style-type: none; padding: 0;\">\n        <li style=\"margin-bottom: 12px;\">\n            \u274c <strong>Nestorius Argued:<\/strong> Mary should only be called <em>Christotokos<\/em> (Mother of Christ), emphasizing Jesus&#8217;s humanity.\n        <\/li>\n        <li style=\"margin-bottom: 12px;\">\n            \u2705 <strong>The Verdict:<\/strong> Led by Cyril, the Council declared Mary as <strong><em>Theotokos<\/em><\/strong> (Mother of God \/ God-bearer). This historic decision solidified Mary&#8217;s divine status and led to the first church in history being dedicated to her right here in Ephesus.\n        <\/li>\n    <\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nestorius<\/strong>, the patriarch of Constantinople, <strong>first <\/strong>proposed this thesis in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Antioch_on_the_Maeander\" type=\"link\" id=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Antioch_on_the_Maeander\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Antiochia<\/a> and later defended it vigorously in <strong>Istanbul<\/strong>. To prove his point, he claimed the authority of the Apostles for his views. When the thesis caused turmoil, <strong>Emperor Theodosius<\/strong> himself attended the <strong>Council of Ephesus<\/strong>. <strong>Nestorius<\/strong>, the patriarch of Constantinople; <strong>Cyril<\/strong>, the patriarch of Alexandria; <strong>John<\/strong>, the patriarch of Antiocheia; the representatives of Ephesus and the <strong>Pope <\/strong>were also present. <strong>Two hundred<\/strong> religious authorities discussed the issue. They also recorded for the first time, in the proceedings of the meeting, that the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/history-of-the-house-of-virgin-mary.html\" type=\"post\" id=\"462\">Virgin Mary was buried in Ephesus<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/basilica-of-st-john-ephesus-1024x680.jpg\" alt=\"The Basilica of St. John in Ephesus\" class=\"wp-image-537\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/basilica-of-st-john-ephesus-1024x680.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/basilica-of-st-john-ephesus-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/basilica-of-st-john-ephesus-768x510.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/basilica-of-st-john-ephesus.jpg 1300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/basilica-of-st-john-ephesus.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Basilica of St. John in Ephesus<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"background: linear-gradient(135deg, #e0f7fa 0%, #bbdefb 100%); border-left: 5px solid #0288d1; padding: 20px; border-radius: 8px; margin: 30px 0;\">\n    <h4 style=\"margin: 0 0 10px 0; color: #01579b; font-size: 1.1rem;\">\ud83d\udccd Walk Where History Was Made<\/h4>\n    <p style=\"margin: 0; color: #333; font-size: 15px;\">\n        Did you know you can still walk inside the <strong>Church of Mary (Council Church)<\/strong> today? The massive ruins of this double church are located near the Harbour Bath, close to the lower exit gate. Standing within those walls, where 200 bishops once shouted and changed history, is a truly spine-tingling experience!\n    <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-basilica-of-st-john-in-ephesus\">The Basilica of St. John in Ephesus<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In the <strong>4th century<\/strong>, a basilica was built <span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\">on the site of\u00a0<strong>St. John&#8217;s grave<\/strong><\/span> on <strong>Ayasuluk Hill<\/strong>. Some Ephesians left Ephesus and settled around the basilica since the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/harbour-of-ephesus.html\" type=\"post\" id=\"1343\">harbour of Ephesus<\/a> could no longer be used. When <strong>Emperor Justinian<\/strong> built the monumental church at the site of the basilica, almost all of the population of Ephesus moved into the vicinity of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/basilica-of-st-john-ephesus.html\" type=\"post\" id=\"678\">Church of St. John<\/a>. Don&#8217;t forget that you can visit sacred places like the House of the Virgin Mary, the Basilica of St. John, and the Church of Ephesus in our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/biblical-private-ephesus-tour-from-kusadasi.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Biblical Ephesus Tour<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"566\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/ayasuluk-selcuk-castle.webp\" alt=\"Ayasuluk Castle near The Basilica of St. John\" class=\"wp-image-1006\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/ayasuluk-selcuk-castle.webp 850w, https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/ayasuluk-selcuk-castle-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/ayasuluk-selcuk-castle-768x511.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Ayasuluk Castle near The Basilica of St. John<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-from-ephesus-to-hagios-theologos\">From Ephesus to Hagios Theologos<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Following the Council and the growing importance of the Basilica of St. John, the city&#8217;s identity began to shift fundamentally. By the <strong>7th <\/strong>and <strong>8th <\/strong>centuries, Ephesus faced raids from the sea and land, including the armies of <strong>Caliph Suleiman<\/strong>, who spent the winter of <strong>716 <\/strong>here.<br><br>As the harbor silted up and security became a priority, the population moved to <strong>Ayasuluk Hill<\/strong>, around the fortified Basilica. The city eventually shed its pagan name completely and was renamed <strong>Hagios Theologos<\/strong> (The Holy Theologian) in honor of <strong>St. John<\/strong>. This name later evolved into &#8220;<strong>Ayasuluk<\/strong>&#8221; under the Turks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"937\" height=\"585\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/church-of-theotokos-ephesus.webp\" alt=\"Church of Ephesus (Church of Theotokos)\" class=\"wp-image-816\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/church-of-theotokos-ephesus.webp 937w, https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/church-of-theotokos-ephesus-300x187.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/church-of-theotokos-ephesus-768x479.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 937px) 100vw, 937px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Church of Ephesus (Church of Theotokos)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>When the Turks came to the area, they found a small village, and <strong>Caka Bey<\/strong> captured it easily from the <strong>Byzantines <\/strong>in <strong>1304<\/strong>. <strong>Ibni Batuta<\/strong>, who had visited <strong>Ayasuluk <\/strong>in the <strong>14th century<\/strong>, mentioned that there were Venetian and Genoese consulates and a bishop in this large city.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/isa-bey-mosque-ephesus-selcuk-2-1024x680.jpg\" alt=\"Isa Bey Mosque in Ephesus\" class=\"wp-image-838\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/isa-bey-mosque-ephesus-selcuk-2-1024x680.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/isa-bey-mosque-ephesus-selcuk-2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/isa-bey-mosque-ephesus-selcuk-2-768x510.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/isa-bey-mosque-ephesus-selcuk-2.jpg 1300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Isa Bey Mosque in Ephesus<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>During the rule of <strong>Aydinogullari<\/strong>, Ephesus prospered again. Many mosques, large and small, and baths were constructed in the city, and trade was revitalized. The famous <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/isa-bey-mosque-selcuk-ephesus.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Isa Bey Mosque<\/a> was built in this period. Ephesus was completely deserted after the early Ottoman period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-frequently-asked-questions\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-faq wp-block-yoast-faq-block\"><div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1770730318808\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">Why was the Council of Ephesus held in 431?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">It was convened by Emperor Theodosius II to resolve the theological controversy over the nature of Jesus and the title of the Virgin Mary. The main debate was whether Mary was the &#8220;Mother of God&#8221; (Theotokos) or just the &#8220;Mother of Christ&#8221; (Christotokos).<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1770730336968\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\"><strong>Who won the Council of Ephesus?<\/strong><\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">St. Cyril of Alexandria was the victor. His view that Mary is the <em>Theotokos<\/em> (God-bearer) was upheld, and Nestorius was condemned as a heretic. This cemented the veneration of Mary in the Christian world.<\/p> <\/div> <div class=\"schema-faq-section\" id=\"faq-question-1770730361969\"><strong class=\"schema-faq-question\">Can I visit the Council Church in Ephesus?<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-faq-answer\">Yes. The ruins of the Church of Mary (where the council met) are open to visitors inside the Ephesus archaeological site. It is distinct from the House of the Virgin Mary, which is a separate shrine located on a nearby mountain.<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"background-color: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #eaeaea; border-top: 5px solid #6a0125; border-radius: 8px; padding: 40px 30px; margin: 50px 0; box-shadow: 0 15px 30px rgba(0,0,0,0.04); text-align: center; font-family: inherit;\">\n    \n    <h3 style=\"color: #2c3e50; font-size: 1.6rem; font-weight: 800; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 15px; letter-spacing: -0.5px;\">\n        Walk in the Footsteps of Saints \u271d\ufe0f\n    <\/h3>\n    \n    <p style=\"color: #666; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6; margin-bottom: 30px; max-width: 800px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\">\n        Experience the profound biblical history of Ephesus with an expert local guide. Visit the <strong>Council Church<\/strong>, the <strong>Basilica of St. John<\/strong>, and the <strong>House of Virgin Mary<\/strong> without the rush.\n    <\/p>\n\n    <div style=\"display: flex; justify-content: center; gap: 15px; flex-wrap: wrap;\">\n        \n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/biblical-private-ephesus-tour-from-kusadasi.html\" style=\"background-color: #f47555; color: #ffffff; padding: 16px 24px; border-radius: 6px; text-decoration: none; font-weight: 700; font-size: 15px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; min-width: 250px; flex: 1; transition: all 0.2s ease; box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(244, 117, 85, 0.25);\">\n            <span style=\"margin-right: 8px; font-size: 1.2rem;\">\u2693<\/span> Biblical Ephesus Tour from Kusadasi\n        <\/a>\n\n        <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/biblical-private-ephesus-tour-from-izmir.html\" style=\"background-color: #6a0125; color: #ffffff; padding: 16px 24px; border-radius: 6px; text-decoration: none; font-weight: 700; font-size: 15px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; min-width: 250px; flex: 1; transition: all 0.2s ease; box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(106, 1, 37, 0.25);\">\n            <span style=\"margin-right: 8px; font-size: 1.2rem;\">\ud83d\udef3\ufe0f<\/span> Biblical Ephesus Tour from Izmir\n        <\/a>\n\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div style=\"margin-top: 25px; font-size: 13px; color: #888; display: flex; justify-content: center; gap: 20px;\">\n        <span>\u2705 Expert Biblical Guides<\/span>\n        <span>\u2705 Private &#038; Customized<\/span>\n         <span>\u2705 No Pre Payment<\/span>    <\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Third Ecumenical Council met in the Church of the Virgin Mary in 431. The principles of Christianity were established during this meeting. Since the Virgin Mary possessed many of the virtues of Artemis, the most magnificent goddess, the new religion gained popularity in Ephesus and spread quickly. Ephesus became important to Christians since St. Paul, St. John, and the Virgin Mary all lived here. The first church dedicated to her was built in Ephesus (see Mary Council Church). Members of the council discussed the thesis that the Virgin Mary is not the mother of Jesus, the son of God, <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3432,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[65],"class_list":["post-1004","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ephesus","tag-biblical","has_thumb"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.3 (Yoast SEO v27.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Third Ecumenical Council of Ephesus | Best Ephesus Tours<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Details of the Council of Ephesus which is the third ecumenical council, held in 431 and organized by the Byzantine emperor Theodosius II.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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The main debate was whether Mary was the \"Mother of God\" (Theotokos) or just the \"Mother of Christ\" (Christotokos).","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/third-ecumenical-council-of-ephesus.html#faq-question-1770730336968","position":2,"url":"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/third-ecumenical-council-of-ephesus.html#faq-question-1770730336968","name":"Who won the Council of Ephesus?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"St. Cyril of Alexandria was the victor. His view that Mary is the <em>Theotokos<\/em> (God-bearer) was upheld, and Nestorius was condemned as a heretic. This cemented the veneration of Mary in the Christian world.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Question","@id":"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/third-ecumenical-council-of-ephesus.html#faq-question-1770730361969","position":3,"url":"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/third-ecumenical-council-of-ephesus.html#faq-question-1770730361969","name":"Can I visit the Council Church in Ephesus?","answerCount":1,"acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"Yes. The ruins of the Church of Mary (where the council met) are open to visitors inside the Ephesus archaeological site. It is distinct from the House of the Virgin Mary, which is a separate shrine located on a nearby mountain.","inLanguage":"en-US"},"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"PostalAddress","@id":"https:\/\/www.bestephesustours.com\/blog\/third-ecumenical-council-of-ephesus.html#local-main-place-address","streetAddress":"Ikicesmelik mah. Zincirdere Sk. Suzgec Ismrk. 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